Molybdenum is a refractory metal prized for its exceptional properties, including a high melting point (2,623°C), excellent strength at elevated temperatures, superior thermal and electrical conductivity, and outstanding corrosion resistance. These characteristics make it indispensable across heavy industries and advanced technologies. Approximately 75% of global molybdenum production is used in metallurgical applications, primarily as an alloying agent in steel and superalloys. When added to steel, it significantly enhances strength, hardness, and resistance to wear and corrosion, making it ideal for structural components, pipelines, and high-performance tools. In stainless steels, molybdenum improves resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, critical for chemical processing equipment and marine applications. The aerospace and defense sectors rely heavily on molybdenum for turbine blades, rocket nozzles, and other components that must withstand extreme temperatures and stresses. Additionally, its thermal management properties make it valuable in automotive applications, particularly in engine parts and braking systems.

Beyond metallurgy, molybdenum plays a vital role in high-tech and sustainable industries. In electronics, it serves as a key material for thin-film transistors in displays, semiconductor substrates, and electrical contacts due to its stable conductivity and compatibility with silicon. The chemical industry utilizes molybdenum-based catalysts for petroleum refining, fertilizer production, and pollution control systems. Renewable energy technologies, such as solar panels and energy storage systems, benefit from molybdenum's durability and efficient electron transfer capabilities. The medical field also employs this versatile metal in imaging equipment, radiation shielding, and surgical instruments. As industries continue to push the boundaries of performance and sustainability, molybdenum remains a critical enabler of innovation, bridging traditional manufacturing with next-generation technologies. Its unique combination of properties ensures ongoing demand across diverse sectors, from heavy industry to cutting-edge electronics and green energy solutions.